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| 自适应实验× | 顺序分析（分组顺序设计）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 统计学 |
| 方法族≠ | Process / pipeline | Hypothesis test |
| 起源年份≠ | 1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s | 1977 |
| 提出者≠ | Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others | P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock |
| 类型≠ | Experimental research design | Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test |
| 开创性文献≠ | Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761 | O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization | sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design) |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour. | Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments. |
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