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| Thang đo An toàn Tâm lý× | Thang đo Cam kết Tổ chức× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Hành vi tổ chức | Hành vi tổ chức |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1999 | 1991 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Amy C. Edmondson | John P. Meyer and Natalie J. Allen |
| Loại≠ | Team-level self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383. DOI ↗ | Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | PSS, Team Psychological Safety Scale | OCS, Meyer & Allen Scale |
| Liên quan | 5 | 5 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The Psychological Safety Scale (PSS), developed by Amy Edmondson in 1999, measures team members' shared perception that they can take interpersonal risks—speaking up, asking questions, admitting mistakes, proposing new ideas—without fear of embarrassment, punishment, or rejection. The 7-item scale captures a team-level construct fundamental to learning, innovation, and psychological well-being. High psychological safety predicts team performance, learning from errors, information sharing, and adaptive responses to change. | The Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS), developed by Meyer and Allen in 1991, measures three distinct dimensions of organizational commitment: affective commitment (emotional attachment), continuance commitment (perceived cost of leaving), and normative commitment (sense of obligation). This three-component model has become foundational in understanding employee retention, engagement, and organizational attachment. |
| ScholarGateBộ dữ liệu ↗ |
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