So sánh phương pháp

	Thang đo Chánh niệm Philadelphia (PHLMS)	Thang đo Chánh niệm Toronto (TMS)
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học chánh niệm	Tâm lý học chánh niệm
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2008	2006
Người khởi xướng	Lizabeth A. Cardaciotto, James D. Herbert, and colleagues at Drexel University	Zindel V. Segal, Mark A. Lau, and colleagues at the University of Toronto
Loại	Self-report	Self-report
Công trình gốc	Cardaciotto, L., Herbert, J. D., Forman, E. M., Moitra, E., & Farrow, V. (2008). The assessment of present-moment awareness and acceptance: The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale. Assessment, 15(2), 204-223.	Lau, M. A., Bishop, S. R., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., Anderson, N. D., Carlson, L., ... & Devins, G. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: Development and validation of a state measure of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(12), 1445-1467.
Tên gọi khác	PHLMS, PHLMS-20	TMS, TMS-13
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	The Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS) is a 20-item self-report instrument measuring trait mindfulness across two core dimensions: Present-Moment Awareness and Acceptance. Developed by Cardaciotto, Herbert, and colleagues at Drexel University and published in Assessment in 2008, the PHLMS emphasizes the integration of attentional and acceptance-based processes central to contemporary mindfulness theory and practice. The two-factor structure reflects the distinction between the ability to focus attention on present experience and the capacity to receive that experience without judgment or resistance—processes that jointly characterize psychological flexibility and adaptive mindfulness.	The Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS) is a 13-item self-report instrument uniquely designed to measure state mindfulness—the immediate, transient quality of mindful awareness during or immediately following a meditation session. Developed by Zindel V. Segal, Mark A. Lau, and colleagues at the University of Toronto and published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology in 2006, the TMS captures two core dimensions of state mindfulness: Curiosity and Decentering. Unlike trait measures (FFMQ, FMI) which assess habitual mindfulness, the TMS provides moment-to-moment assessment and has become essential in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and contemplative neuroscience research.