So sánh phương pháp

	Landscape Metrics	Phân loại ảnh dựa trên điểm ảnh
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích không gian	Viễn thám
Họ	Process / pipeline	Machine learning
Năm ra đời	1988	2007
Người khởi xướng	R. V. O'Neill et al.; McGarigal & Marks (FRAGSTATS)	Remote-sensing classification literature
Loại	Quantitative landscape pattern description	Supervised/unsupervised spectral image classification
Công trình gốc	O'Neill, R. V., et al. (1988). Indices of landscape pattern. Landscape Ecology, 1(3), 153–162.	Lu, D., & Weng, Q. (2007). A survey of image classification methods and techniques for improving classification performance. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28(5), 823–870.
Tên gọi khác	landscape pattern indices, FRAGSTATS metrics, fragmentation indices, peyzaj metrikleri	Per-Pixel Classification, Spectral Classification, Pixel-by-Pixel Classification, Piksel Tabanlı Sınıflandırma
Liên quan	3	2
Tóm tắt	Landscape metrics are quantitative indices that describe the composition and spatial configuration of a categorical map — typically land cover — at the patch, class, and whole-landscape levels. Developed in landscape ecology (O'Neill and colleagues, 1988) and made widely usable by the FRAGSTATS software, they turn maps into numbers like patch density, edge density, fragmentation, diversity, and connectivity for ecological, planning, and change analysis.	Pixel-based image classification is a fundamental remote-sensing technique that assigns each individual pixel in a satellite or aerial image to a thematic land-cover category based solely on its spectral values across multiple bands. Systematically surveyed and formalized by Lu and Weng (2007), the approach encompasses both supervised methods—where labeled training samples guide the classifier—and unsupervised clustering approaches that discover natural spectral groupings without prior labels.