So sánh phương pháp

	Kiểm định Diebold-Mariano về Độ chính xác Dự báo Tương đương	Kiểm định Độ chính xác Dự báo theo Hướng của Pesaran-Timmermann
Lĩnh vực	Kinh tế lượng	Kinh tế lượng
Họ	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Năm ra đời	1995	1992
Người khởi xướng	Francis Diebold & Roberto Mariano	M. Hashem Pesaran & Allan Timmermann
Loại	Non-parametric forecast comparison test	Nonparametric one-sided test
Công trình gốc	Diebold, F. X., & Mariano, R. S. (1995). Comparing predictive accuracy. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 13(3), 253–263.	Pesaran, M. H., & Timmermann, A. (1992). A simple nonparametric test of predictive performance. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 10(4), 461–465.
Tên gọi khác	DM Test, Test of Equal Forecast Accuracy, Diebold-Mariano Forecast Comparison Test, Tahmin Doğruluğu Eşitliği Testi	PT Test, Directional Accuracy Test, Nonparametric Predictive Performance Test, Pesaran-Timmermann Yön Testi
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	The Diebold-Mariano (DM) test, introduced by Diebold and Mariano in 1995, is a widely used non-parametric procedure for formally comparing the predictive accuracy of two competing forecasting models. It evaluates whether the difference in forecast errors between two models is statistically significant, without requiring nested models or specific distributional assumptions about the forecasts, making it broadly applicable across economics, finance, and time-series analysis.	Introduced by Pesaran and Timmermann (1992), the PT test is a nonparametric procedure that evaluates whether a forecasting model correctly predicts the direction (sign) of a target variable more often than would be expected by chance. It is widely used in financial econometrics and macroeconomic forecasting to assess the practical utility of a model beyond simple error metrics, particularly when the economic cost of getting the direction wrong is high.