So sánh phương pháp

	Thiết kế phương pháp hỗn hợp biến đổi dựa trên thiết kế	Nghiên cứu Hành động Có sự tham gia (PAR)
Lĩnh vực	Thiết kế nghiên cứu	Định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2000s–2010s	1940s (Lewin); PAR as distinct tradition formalised ~1970s–1980s
Người khởi xướng	Donna M. Mertens (transformative framework); anchored in design-based research tradition (Brown, Collins, Edelson)	Kurt Lewin (action research foundations, 1940s); systematised for participatory contexts by Orlando Fals Borda, Paulo Freire, and William Foote Whyte
Loại	Mixed methods research design	Qualitative research method
Công trình gốc	Mertens, D. M. (2007). Transformative paradigm: Mixed methods and social justice. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(3), 212–225.	Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer.
Tên gọi khác	DB-TMMD, transformative design-based mixed methods, design-based transformative inquiry, social justice design-based mixed methods	PAR, community-based participatory research, collaborative action research, participatory inquiry
Liên quan	2	6
Tóm tắt	Design-Based Transformative Mixed Methods Design integrates Donna Mertens' transformative paradigm — which foregrounds social justice, equity, and the perspectives of marginalized groups — with the iterative intervention cycles of design-based research. It systematically combines quantitative and qualitative data across successive design-test-refine cycles to both understand and actively improve conditions for underrepresented communities. The approach is prominent in education, public health, and community-engaged research where changing unjust structures is an explicit goal alongside knowledge generation.	Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative, community-centred methodology in which researchers and community members collaborate as co-investigators to identify a shared problem, take deliberate action, observe outcomes, and reflect critically on results — cycling iteratively until meaningful change is achieved. Unlike conventional research that studies people from the outside, PAR treats participants as active agents who co-own the research process, the knowledge produced, and the practical interventions that follow.