เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิเคราะห์เสถียรภาพลาดชันด้วยแผนภาพสเตริโอกราฟิก	Rock Mass Rating (RMR)	การหาค่าเหมาะสมที่สุดของรูปแบบการทำเหมืองใต้ดิน
สาขาวิชา	วิศวกรรมเหมืองแร่	วิศวกรรมเหมืองแร่	วิศวกรรมเหมืองแร่
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1960	1973	1960
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Structural Geology and Rock Mechanics Practice	Zbigniew T. Bieniawski	Mining Engineering Practice
ประเภท	Graphical method for analyzing slope stability with respect to jointing	Empirical classification for geotechnical engineering	Optimization framework for underground mine excavation design
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Priest, S. D. (1985). Hemispherical projection methods in rock mechanics. In Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, Technical Library.	Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classifications. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0-471-60437-4	Brady, B. H. G., & Brown, E. T. (2004). Rock mechanics for underground mining. Springer Science+Business Media.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	Stereonet Analysis, Stereographic Projection, Pole Plot Analysis	RMR, Bieniawski Classification, RMR89	Stope Design, Underground Mine Layout, Panel Design
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	3	3
สรุป	Stereographic projection is a graphical method for analyzing slope stability by representing the three-dimensional orientation of discontinuities (joints, bedding, faults) and the pit slope on a two-dimensional stereographic net (stereonet). The method enables rapid visual identification of potentially unstable slope geometries where discontinuities daylight out of the slope at steeper angles than the slope face.	The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system, developed by Zbigniew Bieniawski starting in 1973, is an empirical classification that characterizes rock mass quality and estimates mining and civil engineering behavior. RMR combines five measurable geotechnical parameters into a single index ranging from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate stronger, more stable rock masses. It is the most widely used rock classification system worldwide for underground mining design.	Stope layout optimization is the process of designing the size, shape, and spatial arrangement of underground mine excavations (stopes) to maximize ore recovery while maintaining safety and economic viability. It balances the desire for large extraction volumes against rock mechanics constraints and support costs. The layout determines mining productivity, capital investment in support systems, and long-term mine life.