เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิเคราะห์แบบลำดับ (Group Sequential Design)	การวิเคราะห์อำนาจการทดสอบโดยการจำลอง (Monte Carlo Power)
สาขาวิชา	สถิติศาสตร์	สถิติศาสตร์
ตระกูล	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
ปีกำเนิด	1977	2011
ผู้ริเริ่ม	P. C. O'Brien & T. R. Fleming; P. C. Pocock	Arnold et al. (2011); Green & MacLeod (2016) for mixed-model extension
ประเภท	Sequential / adaptive hypothesis test	Simulation-based (Monte Carlo)
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	O'Brien, P.C. & Fleming, T.R. (1979). A Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials. Biometrics, 35(3), 549–556.	Arnold, B.F. et al. (2011). Simulation Methods to Estimate Design Power: An Overview for Applied Research. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 11, 94.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	sequential testing, group sequential design, interim analysis, Sıralı Analiz (Sequential Testing / Group Sequential Design)	Monte Carlo power analysis, Monte Carlo simulation power, MC power, Simülasyon Tabanlı Güç Analizi (Monte Carlo Power)
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	6
สรุป	Sequential analysis is a framework for conducting hypothesis tests with pre-planned interim looks at accumulating data, allowing a study to stop early for efficacy or futility while controlling the overall Type I error rate. The group sequential approach was formalised by Pocock (1977) and O'Brien and Fleming (1979), and remains the standard for confirmatory clinical trials and rigorous A/B experiments.	Simulation-based power analysis estimates the statistical power and required sample size of a study by repeating a full analysis pipeline thousands of times on artificially generated data. Because it relies on Monte Carlo simulation rather than closed-form equations, it is applicable to designs — mixed models, complex measurement structures, non-standard outcomes — where analytical power formulas do not exist. The approach was systematically described for applied research by Arnold et al. in 2011, and the mixed-model implementation via the SIMR package was formalised by Green and MacLeod in 2016.