เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	มาตรวัดความต้องการทางจิตวิทยาพื้นฐาน	แบบประเมินความเชื่อมั่นในการออกกำลังกาย
สาขาวิชา	พฤติกรรมสุขภาพ	พฤติกรรมสุขภาพ
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	2003	1997
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Martin Gagné, Edward L. Deci, and Richard M. Ryan	Albert Bandura; validated by Resnick & Jenkins
ประเภท	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Gagné, M. (2003). The role of autonomy support and autonomy orientation in prosocial behavior engagement. Motivation and Emotion, 27(3), 199-223.	Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	BPNQ, Basic Needs Scale	Exercise Confidence Scale, Physical Activity Self-Efficacy
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	3	3
สรุป	The Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire (BPNQ), developed by Gagné (2003) and grounded in Self-Determination Theory by Deci and Ryan, measures satisfaction of three fundamental human psychological needs: Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness. According to Self-Determination Theory, these three needs are universally necessary for psychological health, well-being, and intrinsic motivation across all life domains. The 21-item BPNQ assesses the extent to which an individual perceives these needs are being met in their current context. It is widely used in research examining motivation, well-being, mental health, exercise engagement, work satisfaction, education, and psychotherapy effectiveness.	The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale measures an individual's confidence in their ability to exercise regularly and maintain physical activity despite challenges. Grounded in Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, self-efficacy is the belief that one has the capability to execute a specific behavior and achieve desired outcomes. For exercise, self-efficacy encompasses confidence in overcoming barriers (time, fatigue, weather), maintaining consistency, and managing setbacks or relapse. Research consistently demonstrates that exercise self-efficacy is one of the strongest predictors of exercise adherence; individuals with high confidence are more likely to initiate exercise, persist through difficulties, and maintain activity over time. The scale is widely used in primary care, cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation, weight management, diabetes care, and exercise research to assess readiness for behavior change and to evaluate interventions designed to boost confidence.