เปรียบเทียบวิธี
ดูวิธีที่เลือกเทียบกันแบบเคียงข้าง แถวที่ต่างกันจะถูกเน้นไว้
| การทดลองทางคลินิกระยะที่ 2 แบบย้อนหลัง× | การศึกษาทางคลินิกระยะที่ 1× | |
|---|---|---|
| สาขาวิชา | ระบาดวิทยา | ระบาดวิทยา |
| ตระกูล | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| ปีกำเนิด≠ | 1980s–1990s (with growth in oncology retrospective analyses) | 1960s (formal regulatory framework established ~1963–1970s) |
| ผู้ริเริ่ม≠ | Adapted from standard Phase II trial methodology; retrospective variant formalized in oncology practice | Regulatory and clinical pharmacology community; formalized in U.S. FDA IND regulations (1963) and ICH guidelines |
| ประเภท≠ | Observational retrospective study | Interventional clinical study design |
| แหล่งต้นตำรับ≠ | Simon, R. (1989). Optimal two-stage designs for phase II clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials, 10(1), 1–10. DOI ↗ | Storer, B. E. (1989). Design and analysis of phase I clinical trials. Biometrics, 45(3), 925–937. DOI ↗ |
| ชื่อเรียกอื่น | retrospective Phase II study, historical Phase II analysis, retrospective efficacy study, Phase II retrospective analysis | Phase 1 trial, first-in-human study, FIH study, dose-escalation study |
| ที่เกี่ยวข้อง≠ | 5 | 6 |
| สรุป≠ | A retrospective Phase II clinical trial evaluates a treatment's preliminary efficacy and safety signals using existing archival data — medical records, registries, or electronic health records — rather than prospectively enrolling new patients. It mirrors the objectives of a standard Phase II trial (estimating response rate, tolerability, and early efficacy) but does so by looking backward at patients who have already received the intervention, making it faster and less costly than a prospective design. | A Phase I clinical trial is the first stage of human testing for a new drug, biologic, or intervention. Its primary objective is to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) rather than therapeutic efficacy. Small cohorts of participants — typically healthy volunteers or patients with advanced disease — receive sequentially increasing doses to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) that define the boundary for subsequent trials. |
| ScholarGateชุดข้อมูล ↗ |
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