เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การทดสอบความเป็นเหตุเป็นผลแบบไม่เชิงเส้นของ Toda-Yamamoto	การทดสอบสหการ (Johansen / Engle-Granger)
สาขาวิชา	เศรษฐมิติ	เศรษฐมิติ
ตระกูล	Regression model	Regression model
ปีกำเนิด	1995 (base); nonlinear extensions 2000s–2010s	1988
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Toda & Yamamoto (1995) for the linear base; nonlinear extension developed by subsequent researchers applying rank transformations or neural-network-augmented VAR	Engle & Granger (1987); Johansen (1988)
ประเภท	Causality test	Time-series cointegration test
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66(1-2), 225-250.	Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2-3), 231-254.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	nonlinear TY causality, rank-based Toda-Yamamoto test, modified Wald nonlinear causality, NTY causality test	Johansen cointegration test, Engle-Granger cointegration test, long-run equilibrium test, Eşbütünleşme Testi (Johansen/Engle-Granger)
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	5
สรุป	The Nonlinear Toda-Yamamoto causality test extends the classic Toda-Yamamoto (1995) modified Wald procedure to detect causal linkages that are hidden in the means of series but manifest through nonlinear dynamics such as asymmetries, threshold effects, or volatility transmission. It fits an augmented VAR on rank-transformed or otherwise nonlinearly mapped series and applies a chi-squared Wald test on the extra-lag coefficients.	The cointegration test examines whether non-stationary time series that each contain a unit root share a stable long-run equilibrium relationship. The single-equation residual approach was introduced by Engle and Granger (1987) and the system-based rank approach by Johansen (1988).