เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	แบบจำลองหน่วยความจำยาว (ARFIMA, FIGARCH)	แบบจำลอง GARCH (การพยากรณ์ความผันผวน)	การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลความถี่สูงและโครงสร้างตลาดจุลภาค
สาขาวิชา	การเงิน	เศรษฐมิติ	การเงิน
ตระกูล	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
ปีกำเนิด	1980	1986	2007
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Granger & Joyeux (ARFIMA); Baillie, Bollerslev & Mikkelsen (FIGARCH)	Tim Bollerslev	Hasbrouck (2007); Aït-Sahalia & Jacod (2014)
ประเภท	Fractionally integrated time series model	Conditional volatility model	Market microstructure / high-frequency econometrics
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Granger, C. W. J. & Joyeux, R. (1980). An Introduction to Long-Memory Time Series Models and Fractional Differencing. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 1(1), 15-29.	Bollerslev, T. (1986). Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity. Journal of Econometrics, 31(3), 307–327.	Hasbrouck, J. (2007). Empirical Market Microstructure: The Institutions, Economics, and Econometrics of Securities Trading. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195301649
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	ARFIMA, FIGARCH, fractionally integrated models, fractional integration	GARCH, GARCH(1,1), conditional volatility model, GARCH Modeli (Oynaklık Tahmini)	market microstructure, high-frequency financial econometrics, tick data analysis, Yüksek Frekanslı Veri ve Piyasa Mikro Yapısı
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	4	5	5
สรุป	Long-memory models are fractional-integration methods that capture genuine long memory through a hyperbolically decaying autocorrelation structure. ARFIMA, introduced by Granger and Joyeux (1980), models long memory in return series, while FIGARCH, introduced by Baillie, Bollerslev and Mikkelsen (1996), captures long memory in volatility series; the parameter d measures the degree of fractional integration.	The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, introduced by Tim Bollerslev in 1986, models the time-varying conditional variance of a financial time series. It captures volatility clustering and the ARCH effect, and is the standard tool for estimating risk and volatility in return series.	Market microstructure analysis studies how prices form from tick-level trade and quote data, examining order-book dynamics, the bid-ask spread, and price discovery. The modern econometric framework was set out by Hasbrouck (2007) and extended for high-frequency data by Aït-Sahalia and Jacod (2014).