เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	แบบจำลอง ARMA (Autoregressive Moving Average)	การทดสอบสาเหตุแบบแกรนเจอร์ (Granger Causality Test)	Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR)
สาขาวิชา	เศรษฐมิติ	เศรษฐมิติ	เศรษฐมิติ
ตระกูล	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
ปีกำเนิด	1970	1969	1980
ผู้ริเริ่ม	George E. P. Box and Gwilym M. Jenkins	Clive W. J. Granger	Sims (1980); identification schemes by Blanchard & Quah (1989)
ประเภท	Time series model	Causality test (F-test on VAR)	Multivariate time series model
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Box, G. E. P., & Jenkins, G. M. (1970). Time Series Analysis: Forecasting and Control. Holden-Day.	Granger, C. W. J. (1969). Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Methods. Econometrica, 37(3), 424–438.	Blanchard, O. J., & Quah, D. (1989). The dynamic effects of aggregate demand and supply disturbances. American Economic Review, 79(4), 655-673.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	ARMA, Box-Jenkins model, autoregressive moving average, AR(p)MA(q)	Granger test, GC test, predictive causality test, Granger non-causality test	SVAR, structural vector autoregression, identified VAR, structural VAR model
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	5	5	5
สรุป	The ARMA(p,q) model describes a stationary time series as a combination of two components: an autoregressive part that regresses the current value on its own past p values, and a moving average part that accounts for past q error terms. It is the foundational framework of the Box-Jenkins methodology for univariate time series modelling and short-run forecasting.	The Granger causality test is a statistical hypothesis test that determines whether past values of one time series help predict future values of another, beyond what that series' own past already explains. Introduced by Clive Granger in 1969, it is the standard approach for assessing predictive causality in VAR-based time-series analysis.	Structural VAR extends the reduced-form VAR by imposing economic theory-based restrictions that identify orthogonal structural shocks. This allows researchers to disentangle the causal effects of distinct economic disturbances — such as supply versus demand shocks — and trace their dynamic propagation through a system of variables via impulse response functions and forecast error variance decompositions.