เปรียบเทียบวิธี

	การวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการ	การวิจัยกรณีศึกษา	การวิเคราะห์เรื่องเล่า
สาขาวิชา	การวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ	เชิงคุณภาพ	เชิงคุณภาพ
ตระกูล	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
ปีกำเนิด	1946	1984 (seminal codification)	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
ผู้ริเริ่ม	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
ประเภท	Method	Qualitative research design	Qualitative interpretive method
แหล่งต้นตำรับ	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
ชื่อเรียกอื่น	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
ที่เกี่ยวข้อง	1	5	6
สรุป	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.