Udhibiti

Utafiti wa udhibiti unachunguza jinsi serikali zinavyodhibiti shughuli za kiuchumi na za kijamii kupitia sheria, pamoja na muundo na athari za mifumo ya udhibiti.

Scope

Unajumuisha sababu na nadharia ya udhibiti, utekwa wa udhibiti (regulatory capture), mkakati na utekelezaji wa udhibiti, pamoja na uondoaji udhibiti (deregulation) na mageuzi ya udhibiti.

Core questions

• Serikali zinaweza kudhibiti kwa nini na vipi?
• Udhibiti unaitumikia maslahi ya nani?
• Udhibiti unapaswa kutekelezwa vipi?
• Shughuli zinapaswa kuachwa bila udhibiti lini?

Key concepts

• Utekwa wa udhibiti (regulatory capture)
• Udhibiti wa maslahi ya umma
• Udhibiti unaostahili (responsive regulation)
• Utekelezaji
• Uondoaji udhibiti (deregulation)
• Muundo wa udhibiti

Key theories

Nadharia ya kiuchumi ya udhibiti

Stigler alisema udhibiti mara nyingi unatekwa na sekta inayodhibitiwa, ukihudumia maslahi ya wazalishaji.

Udhibiti unaostahili (responsive regulation)

Ayres na Braithwaite walipendekeza mikakati ya utekelezaji inayopanda hatua kwa hatua inayopita mjadala wa udhibiti dhidi ya uondoaji udhibiti.

History

Utafiti wa udhibiti ulikua kutoka nadharia ya maslahi ya umma kupitia nadharia ya utekwa ya Stigler hadi udhibiti unaostahili na unaotegemea hatari (Ayres na Braithwaite), ukiunda utawala wa udhibiti wa kisasa.

Debates

Maslahi ya umma dhidi ya utekwa

Swali ni kama udhibiti unaitumikia umma au unatekwa na sekta zinazodhibitiwa.

Key figures

• George Stigler
• Ian Ayres
• John Braithwaite

Seminal works

• stigler-1971
• ayres-braithwaite-1992

Frequently asked questions

Udhibiti unaostahili ni nini?

Mbinu (ya Ayres na Braithwaite) inayopanda kutoka ushawishi hadi vikwazo kulingana na tabia ya mhusika anayedhibitiwa.