Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Workaholism Scale× | Kipimo cha Ushirikishwaji Kazini cha Utrecht× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja≠ | Tabia ya Shirika | Saikolojia ya Kijamii |
| Familia≠ | Latent structure | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 1992 | 2002 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Janet Spence & Ann Robbins; Wilmar Schaufeli, Akihito Shimazu & Toon Taris | Wilmar Schaufeli, Arnold Bakker, and Marisa Salanova |
| Aina≠ | Work-addiction measurement scale | Occupational well-being and engagement scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Spence, J. T., & Robbins, A. S. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, measurement, and preliminary results. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58(1), 160-178. DOI ↗ | Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71–92. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | WorkBAT, DUWAS, Dutch Work Addiction Scale, Workaholism Battery | UWES, Work Engagement Scale, Schaufeli Work Engagement |
| Zinazohusiana | 3 | 3 |
| Muhtasari≠ | Workaholism scales measure the addiction-like compulsion to work — the tendency to work excessively hard combined with an inner, hard-to-resist drive to keep working. Janet Spence and Ann Robbins introduced the first systematic measure, the Workaholism Battery (WorkBAT), in 1992, defining workaholism through the components of work involvement, drive, and (low) work enjoyment, and distinguishing genuine workaholics from enthusiastic work enthusiasts. Schaufeli, Shimazu, and Taris later developed and validated the Dutch Work Addiction Scale (DUWAS), a parsimonious two-factor measure of working excessively and working compulsively, tested across the Netherlands and Japan. A central purpose of these instruments is to separate workaholism — a compulsive, strain-producing pattern — from work engagement, the positive, energizing involvement with work. The scales link the workaholic pattern to burnout, impaired health, and work-life conflict. | The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) is a 17-item instrument measuring work engagement—a positive, fulfilling psychological state characterized by vigor, dedication, and absorption in work. Developed by Wilmar Schaufeli and colleagues in 2002, the UWES operationalizes engagement as the positive antipode to burnout, reflecting energetic involvement, strong commitment, and deep focus in occupational tasks. The scale has become the standard measure for assessing work engagement in organizational research and occupational health. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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