Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Ushirikiano wa Tiba (Therapeutic Alliance Scale)	Kiwango cha Ushirikiano wa Kazi
Nyanja	Utafiti wa Saikoterapia	Utafiti wa Saikoterapia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1997	1989
Mwanzilishi	Poul J. Raue, Marvin R. Goldfried	Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg
Aina	Therapist/Client-rated	Therapist/Client-rated
Chanzo asilia	Raue, P. J., Goldfried, M. R., & Barkham, M. (1997). The therapeutic alliance in psychodynamic-interpersonal and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(4), 582–587.	Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233.
Majina mbadala	THAS, TAS, Therapeutic Working Alliance Scale	WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Therapeutic Alliance Scale (THAS) is a clinician-rated measure of the quality of the therapeutic relationship and working alliance, developed by Raue, Goldfried, and Barkham. Distinct from client-rated measures like the Working Alliance Inventory, the THAS captures the therapist's perception of goal alignment, task agreement, and emotional bond. It is used primarily in research to examine alliance from the therapist perspective and to understand therapist–client congruence in alliance perception.	The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations.