Linganisha mbinu

	Maswali ya Tathmini ya Mchakato wa Utafiti	Kipimo cha Motisha ya Kielimu
Nyanja	Saikolojia ya Elimu	Saikolojia ya Elimu
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1987	1992
Mwanzilishi	John Biggs	Robert J. Vallerand
Aina	Self-report learning process inventory	Self-report motivation inventory
Chanzo asilia	Biggs, J. B. (1987). Study Process Questionnaire: A New Instrument for Assessing Ways of Learning. Educational Research and Perspectives, 14(1), 1-8.	Vallerand, R. J., Pelletier, L. G., Blais, M. R., Briere, N. M., Senecal, C., & Vallieres, E. F. (1992). The Academic Motivation Scale: A measure of intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation in education. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52(4), 1003-1017.
Majina mbadala	SPQ, Learning Process Questionnaire, LPQ	AMS, Intrinsic Motivation Scale
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	The Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) is a self-report instrument developed by John Biggs to identify the approaches and processes students use when learning. It assesses three dimensions: deep learning approach (seeking understanding and making connections), surface learning approach (memorizing and reproducing), and achieving/strategic approach (aiming for high grades). Understanding students' study processes helps educators identify learning challenges and tailor support.	The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) is a 28-item self-report instrument developed by Vallerand et al. (1992) to assess the quality of students' academic motivation. It distinguishes between intrinsic motivation (motivation for knowledge, accomplishment, and stimulation), extrinsic motivation (external regulation, introjected regulation, and identified regulation), and amotivation, grounded in self-determination theory.