Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Motisha ya Utumishi wa Umma	Kiwango cha Kuridhika kwa Watalii
Nyanja	Usimamizi wa Utalii	Usimamizi wa Utalii
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1996	1990s
Mwanzilishi	Perry, J. L.	Multiple authors (composite instrument)
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Perry, J. L. (1996). Measuring public service motivation: An assessment of construct reliability and validity. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 6(1), 5-22.	Akama, J. S., & Kieti, D. M. (1996). Tourism and socio-economic change in a Kenyan coastal community. Journal of Tourism Studies, 7(2), 45-61.
Majina mbadala	PSMS, Perry PSM Scale	TSS
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Public Service Motivation Scale (PSMS), developed by Perry (1996) and refined by Kim et al. (2013), measures the intrinsic motivation of public sector employees to serve the public interest, contribute to civic good, feel compassion for others, and make self-sacrifices for collective benefit. Public service motivation (PSM) is a defining characteristic of effective public administration, predicting job satisfaction, organizational commitment, performance, and willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors. Essential for public sector recruitment, retention, and culture assessment in government agencies, tourism authorities, and civic institutions.	The Tourist Satisfaction Scale (TSS) measures overall and domain-specific satisfaction of visitors to a destination or tourism facility. Developed across multiple research streams in the 1990s-2000s, it quantifies how well tourism experiences meet visitor expectations across accommodation, attractions, service quality, and value. Essential for destination marketing organizations and hospitality managers seeking systematic feedback on visitor experiences and competitive benchmarking.