Linganisha mbinu

	Kipimo cha Ushiriki kwa Utunzaji wa Baada ya Umahututi	Athari katika Ushiriki na Uhuru
Nyanja	Sayansi ya Urekebishaji	Sayansi ya Urekebishaji
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2012	2001
Mwanzilishi	Wang, Hart, Stratford, Mioduski	Cardol, de Haan, de Groot, de Jong
Aina	Clinician-rated	Self-report or Proxy
Chanzo asilia	Wang, Y. C., Hart, D. L., Stratford, P. W., & Mioduski, J. E. (2012). Baseline dependency, not diagnosis, drives therapy intensity and discharge outcome after inpatient rehabilitation. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 21(6), 431–437.	Cardol, M., de Haan, R. J., de Jong, B. A., van den Bos, G. A., & de Groot, I. J. (2001). Psychometric properties of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(2), 210–216.
Majina mbadala	PM-PAC, PAC	IPA, IPA-Scale
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Participation Measure for Post-Acute Care (PM-PAC) is a brief, clinician-administered tool designed to measure functional participation and independence in hospitalized rehabilitation patients across self-care, mobility, cognition, and social domains. Developed by Wang, Hart, Stratford, and Mioduski, PM-PAC is widely used in inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRF) and skilled nursing facilities (SNF) to track progress, predict discharge outcomes, and inform therapy intensity planning.	The Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) scale is a validated, patient-centered measure designed to quantify how chronic conditions or disabilities affect an individual's autonomy and participation in five key life domains: autonomy, mobility, occupation, social relations, and recreation. Developed in the Netherlands by Cardol and colleagues, it operationalizes the WHO handicap concept (now called 'participation restriction') and is widely used in rehabilitation, chronic disease management, and policy evaluation across Europe.