Linganisha mbinu

	Kiwango cha Haki za Kiutendaji	Kiwango cha Usalama wa Kisaikolojia
Nyanja	Tabia ya Shirika	Tabia ya Shirika
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2001	1999
Mwanzilishi	Jason Colquitt and Robert H. Moorman	Amy C. Edmondson
Aina	Self-report questionnaire	Team-level self-report questionnaire
Chanzo asilia	Colquitt, J. A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: a construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386-400.	Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
Majina mbadala	OJS, Justice Climate Scale	PSS, Team Psychological Safety Scale
Zinazohusiana	5	5
Muhtasari	The Organizational Justice Scale (OJS) measures employees' perceptions of fairness in organizational settings across four dimensions: distributive justice (fairness of outcomes), procedural justice (fairness of decision-making processes), interpersonal justice (respectful and dignified treatment), and informational justice (honest and adequate communication). Developed by Colquitt (2001) and building on earlier work by Moorman (1991), the OJS assesses how fairly employees perceive they and their work are treated, predicting organizational commitment, citizenship behavior, and turnover.	The Psychological Safety Scale (PSS), developed by Amy Edmondson in 1999, measures team members' shared perception that they can take interpersonal risks—speaking up, asking questions, admitting mistakes, proposing new ideas—without fear of embarrassment, punishment, or rejection. The 7-item scale captures a team-level construct fundamental to learning, innovation, and psychological well-being. High psychological safety predicts team performance, learning from errors, information sharing, and adaptive responses to change.