Linganisha mbinu

	Kielelezo cha ARCH kisicho cha Mstari (NARCH)	Muundo wa ARCH (Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity)
Nyanja	Ekonometriki	Ekonometriki
Familia	Regression model	Regression model
Mwaka wa asili	1992	1982
Mwanzilishi	Higgins & Bera	Robert F. Engle
Aina	Volatility model	Conditional volatility model
Chanzo asilia	Higgins, M. L., & Bera, A. K. (1992). A class of nonlinear ARCH models. International Economic Review, 33(1), 137-158.	Engle, R. F. (1982). Autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation. Econometrica, 50(4), 987–1007.
Majina mbadala	NARCH, Nonlinear ARCH, nonlinear conditional heteroscedasticity model, NARCH model	ARCH, autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, Engle ARCH, conditional variance model
Zinazohusiana	4	6
Muhtasari	The Nonlinear ARCH (NARCH) model, introduced by Higgins and Bera (1992), extends Engle's original ARCH framework by allowing the power transformation of volatility to be estimated from the data rather than fixed at two. This flexibility captures a broader class of volatility dynamics observed in financial and macroeconomic time series.	The ARCH model, introduced by Robert Engle in 1982, captures time-varying volatility in financial and macroeconomic time series. It models the conditional variance of today's error as a function of past squared errors, explaining why volatile periods cluster together — a phenomenon known as volatility clustering.