Linganisha mbinu

	Moduli wa Utafiti wa Usalama wa Chakula wa Kaya za Marekani	Chombo cha Tathmini ya Uelewa wa Lishe
Nyanja	Lishe ya Afya ya Umma	Lishe ya Afya ya Umma
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	1999	2007
Mwanzilishi	Bickel et al.; USDA Economic Research Service and Food and Nutrition Service	Diamond; Rothman; Nutrition Literacy Research
Aina	Household survey; yes/no and frequency responses	Validated questionnaire; knowledge and comprehension
Chanzo asilia	Bickel, G., Nord, M., Price, C., Hamilton, W., & Cook, J. (1999). Guide to measuring household food security, revised 1999. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service.	Diamond, M. R. (2007). Development of a reliable and valid nutrition literacy assessment instrument. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 39(Suppl 5), S26–S30.
Majina mbadala	HFSM, Food Security Survey Module, USDA Food Security Module	NLAI, Nutrition Literacy Assessment, Nutrition Literacy
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The HFSM is the official U.S. government measure of household food security, used in the Current Population Survey and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey since 1995. The 18-item full form and 6-item short form assess the frequency and severity of food insecurity within a household based on direct reports of food access constraints, dietary adjustments, and hunger. The HFSM is the standard for U.S. food security surveillance and policy evaluation.	The NLAI is a 26-item validated instrument measuring nutrition literacy—the ability to understand nutrition information and use it to make healthy food choices. Developed by Diamond and refined through validation studies by Rothman and colleagues, the NLAI evaluates comprehension of nutrition labels, understanding of portion sizes, knowledge of daily values, and ability to interpret nutrient claims. Nutrition literacy is a critical determinant of dietary quality and health outcomes, particularly in populations with low general literacy or limited numeracy.