Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Kiwango cha Uongozi wa Kimaadili× | Kiwango cha Uwajibikaji wa Kijamii wa Shirika× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2005 | 2009 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Brown, Treviño, and Harrison | Multiple scholars; Turker formalized measurement |
| Aina | Self-report scale | Self-report scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134. DOI ↗ | Carroll, A. B. (1979). A three-dimensional model of corporate performance. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497-505. DOI ↗ |
| Majina mbadala | Brown ELS | Organizational Social Responsibility |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS) is a 10-item instrument measuring the degree to which leaders model ethical behavior and hold followers accountable to ethical standards. Developed by Brown, Treviño, and Harrison in 2005, the ELS operationalizes ethical leadership, assessing leader conduct and norm-setting that shape organizational ethics. | The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Scale is a 19-item instrument measuring organizational commitment to social and environmental responsibilities across multiple stakeholder dimensions. Formalized by Turker in 2009, the CSR Scale assesses employee perception of organizational CSR practices toward society, employees, customers, and the environment. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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