Linganisha mbinu

	Metabarcoding ya DNA ya Mazingira (eDNA)	Utofauti wa Kazi
Nyanja	Ikolojia	Ikolojia
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2012	2008
Mwanzilishi	Pierre Taberlet	Olivier Mouillot
Aina	species detection and community assessment	trait-based diversity analysis
Chanzo asilia	Taberlet, P., Coissac, E., Hajibabaei, M., & Rieseberg, L. H. (2012). Environmental DNA. Molecular Ecology, 21(8), 1789-1793.	Villéger, S., Mason, N. W., & Mouillot, D. (2008). New multidimensional functional diversity indices for a multifaceted framework in functional ecology. Ecology, 89(8), 2290-2301.
Majina mbadala	eDNA, metabarcoding, DNA metabarcoding, genetic monitoring	functional traits, trait diversity, ecological niche, functional space
Zinazohusiana	4	4
Muhtasari	Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding detects and identifies species present in environmental samples (water, soil, air) by sequencing short DNA fragments released by organisms. Developed by Taberlet and colleagues (2012), this approach has revolutionized biodiversity monitoring: species can be surveyed without capture, observation, or complex sampling designs. Metabarcoding sequences millions of DNA fragments, identifies reads taxonomically, and assigns them to species. The method is non-invasive, rapid, and cost-effective, enabling large-scale biodiversity surveys and early detection of cryptic or rare species.	Functional diversity quantifies the range and abundance distribution of functional traits (morphology, physiology, behavior) among species in a community. Developed by Mouillot and colleagues (2008), functional diversity indices measure how different species are in their ecological roles and resource use strategies. Unlike species richness (number of species), functional diversity captures the breadth of ecological strategies, predicting ecosystem function and stability.