Linganisha mbinu

	Ubunifu-Msingi Mbinu Mchanganyiko za Ngazi Nyingi	Utafiti unaozingatia Ubunifu
Nyanja	Muundo wa Utafiti	Mbinu za Uwandani
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2000s–2010s	1992
Mwanzilishi	Synthesized from Design-Based Research Collective (2003) and Creswell & Plano Clark multilevel mixed methods typology	Ann L. Brown and Allan Collins (independently, 1992)
Aina	Mixed methods research design	Interventionist qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology
Chanzo asilia	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Brown, A. L. (1992). Design experiments: Theoretical and methodological challenges in creating complex interventions in classroom settings. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2(2), 141–178.
Majina mbadala	DB-MLMM, multilevel design-based mixed methods, design-based multilevel research, DBR multilevel mixed design	DBR, design research, design experiment, educational design research
Zinazohusiana	3	6
Muhtasari	Design-based multilevel mixed methods combines the iterative, context-sensitive logic of design-based research (DBR) with the analytical power of multilevel data structures and the explanatory depth of mixed methods research. It is used predominantly in educational and organizational research where participants are nested within settings (e.g., students within classrooms within schools) and where a designed intervention must be tested, refined, and understood at multiple organizational levels simultaneously.	Design-based research (DBR) is an iterative, interventionist methodology that simultaneously designs educational interventions and builds theory about how and why those interventions work in authentic, complex settings. Originating in Ann Brown's 1992 classroom experiments and Allan Collins's parallel work, DBR treats the learning environment as both the object of study and the site of theory generation, cycling through design, enactment, analysis, and redesign until both practical improvement and theoretical insight are achieved.