Linganisha mbinu

	DISS	Kipimo cha Msisimko Uliopitiliza
Nyanja	Tiba ya Usingizi	Tiba ya Usingizi
Familia	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Mwaka wa asili	2007	2020
Mwanzilishi	Gentili, A., Weiner, D. K., et al.	Riemann, D., Krone, L. B., Wulff, K., Nissen, C.
Aina	Self-report	Self-report; physiologic measurement
Chanzo asilia	Gentili, A., Weiner, D. K., Kuchibhatla, M., & Edinger, J. D. (2007). Factors that modify the relationship between pain and depression in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(12), 1862-1873.	Riemann, D., Krone, L. B., Wulff, K., & Nissen, C. (2020). Sleep, insomnia, and depression. Neuropsychopharmacology, 45(1), 74-89.
Majina mbadala	DISS, Daytime Insomnia Symptom Scale	Hyperarousal Scale, Sleep-Related Hyperarousal
Zinazohusiana	3	3
Muhtasari	The Daytime Insomnia Symptom Scale (DISS) is a focused assessment tool measuring the daytime functional consequences and symptoms resulting from nighttime insomnia. Developed within research on sleep disturbance and daytime functioning, it captures the daytime manifestations of poor sleep: fatigue, concentration difficulty, mood disturbance, and functional impairment in work, social, and personal domains. The DISS is particularly valuable in quantifying the real-world impact of insomnia on daily activities and quality of life.	The Hyperarousal Scale is an assessment tool measuring elevated physiologic and cognitive activation during sleep and wakefulness in insomnia patients. Rooted in contemporary understanding of insomnia as a disorder of hyperarousal (excessive vigilance, elevated muscle tension, racing thoughts, heightened startle response), the scale quantifies the degree to which increased arousal level contributes to insomnia. Hyperarousal is increasingly recognized as a core mechanism underlying insomnia, distinguishing insomnia from simple sleep deprivation.