Linganisha mbinu
Pitia mbinu ulizochagua bega kwa bega; safu zinazotofautiana zinaangaziwa.
| Skeli ya Uongozi Halisi× | Kipimo cha Uaminifu wa Shirika× | |
|---|---|---|
| Nyanja | Tabia ya Shirika | Tabia ya Shirika |
| Familia | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Mwaka wa asili≠ | 2008 | 1996 |
| Mwanzilishi≠ | Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, and Peterson | Aneil K. Mishra |
| Aina | Self-report scale | Self-report scale |
| Chanzo asilia≠ | Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126. DOI ↗ | Mishra, A. K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis: The role of mutual trust and top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 39(4), 842-865. link ↗ |
| Majina mbadala≠ | Walumbwa ALS | — |
| Zinazohusiana | 4 | 4 |
| Muhtasari≠ | The Authentic Leadership Scale (ALS) is a 16-item instrument measuring four dimensions of authentic leadership: self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. Developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, and colleagues in 2008, the ALS assesses leadership grounded in self-knowledge and ethical conviction. | The Organizational Trust Scale (OTS) is a 12-item instrument designed to measure interpersonal trust and organizational confidence across four dimensions. Developed by Aneil K. Mishra in 1996, the scale addresses how employees perceive trustworthiness in their organization and leadership. |
| ScholarGateSeti ya data ↗ |
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