Jämför metoder
Granska de valda metoderna sida vid sida; rader som skiljer sig är markerade.
| Toxic Leadership Scale× | Authentic Leadership Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Ämnesområde | Organisationsbeteende | Organisationsbeteende |
| Familj | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Ursprungsår≠ | 2007 | 2008 |
| Upphovsperson≠ | Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad | Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, and Peterson |
| Typ≠ | Observational scale | Self-report scale |
| Ursprungskälla≠ | Einarsen, S., Aasland, M. S., & Skogstad, A. (2007). Destructive leadership behaviour: A definition and conceptual model. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 207-216. DOI ↗ | Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | Destructive Leadership Scale | Walumbwa ALS |
| Närliggande | 4 | 4 |
| Sammanfattning≠ | The Toxic Leadership Scale (TLS) is a 16-item instrument measuring destructive leadership behaviors including abusive supervision, narcissism, and authoritarian control. Developed by Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad in 2007, the TLS identifies harmful leadership behaviors that undermine organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. | The Authentic Leadership Scale (ALS) is a 16-item instrument measuring four dimensions of authentic leadership: self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. Developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, and colleagues in 2008, the ALS assesses leadership grounded in self-knowledge and ethical conviction. |
| ScholarGateDatamängd ↗ |
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