Сравнение методов

	Модели пространственного взаимодействия (гравитационные модели)	Многокритериальный анализ решений на основе ГИС (GIS-MCDA)	Модели размещения-распределения	Пуассоновская регрессия и регрессия с отрицательным биномиальным распределением
Область	Пространственный анализ	Пространственный анализ	Пространственный анализ	Эконометрика
Семейство	Regression model	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Год появления	1971	2006	1963	1998
Автор метода	Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family)	Jacek Malczewski (GIS-MCDA synthesis)	Leon Cooper; S. L. Hakimi	Cameron & Trivedi (textbook treatment); Hilbe (negative binomial)
Тип	Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations	Spatial multi-criteria suitability/decision analysis	Spatial facility-location optimization	Generalized linear model for count data
Основополагающий источник	Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32.	Malczewski, J. (2006). GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703–726.	Cooper, L. (1963). Location-allocation problems. Operations Research, 11(3), 331–343.	Cameron, A. C. & Trivedi, P. K. (1998). Regression Analysis of Count Data. Cambridge University Press.
Другие названия	gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli	GIS-MCDM, spatial multi-criteria analysis, GIS-AHP, weighted overlay suitability	facility location, p-median problem, maximal covering location problem, yer-tahsis modelleri	count regression, log-linear count model, negative binomial regression, Poisson / Negatif Binom Regresyon
Связанные	4	4	4	4
Сводка	Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis.	GIS-MCDA combines the map layers of a geographic information system with multi-criteria decision analysis to produce suitability or priority maps — ranking locations by how well they satisfy several weighted criteria at once. It is the standard framework for spatial decisions such as siting hospitals, solar farms, landfills, or evacuation areas, integrating methods like AHP, TOPSIS, and weighted overlay with spatial data.	Location-allocation models decide where to place a set of facilities and simultaneously assign demand points to them so as to optimize an objective such as total travel cost, worst-case distance, or population covered. Rooted in the operations-research work of Cooper (1963) and Hakimi (1964) and central to network GIS, they answer questions like where to site warehouses, hospitals, fire stations, or schools to best serve a spatially distributed population.	Poisson regression is a generalized linear model for count outcomes — events tallied as non-negative integers such as hospital admissions, accidents, or article counts. It models the log of the expected count as a linear function of the predictors, and is developed in the standard count-data treatment of Cameron and Trivedi (1998); when the counts are over-dispersed, the closely related negative binomial model (Hilbe, 2011) is preferred.