Comparar métodos
Examine os métodos selecionados lado a lado; as linhas que diferem ficam destacadas.
| Escala de Liderança Tóxica× | Escala de Liderança Autêntica× | |
|---|---|---|
| Área | Comportamento organizacional | Comportamento organizacional |
| Família | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Ano de origem≠ | 2007 | 2008 |
| Autor original≠ | Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad | Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, and Peterson |
| Tipo≠ | Observational scale | Self-report scale |
| Fonte seminal≠ | Einarsen, S., Aasland, M. S., & Skogstad, A. (2007). Destructive leadership behaviour: A definition and conceptual model. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 207-216. DOI ↗ | Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126. DOI ↗ |
| Outros nomes | Destructive Leadership Scale | Walumbwa ALS |
| Relacionados | 4 | 4 |
| Resumo≠ | The Toxic Leadership Scale (TLS) is a 16-item instrument measuring destructive leadership behaviors including abusive supervision, narcissism, and authoritarian control. Developed by Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad in 2007, the TLS identifies harmful leadership behaviors that undermine organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. | The Authentic Leadership Scale (ALS) is a 16-item instrument measuring four dimensions of authentic leadership: self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. Developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, and colleagues in 2008, the ALS assesses leadership grounded in self-knowledge and ethical conviction. |
| ScholarGateConjunto de dados ↗ |
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