Comparar métodos

	Índice Calinski-Harabasz	Estatística Gap	Inércia
Área	Avaliação de modelos	Avaliação de modelos	Avaliação de modelos
Família	MCDM	MCDM	MCDM
Ano de origem	1974	2001	1967
Autor original	Tadeusz Calinski, Jerzy Harabasz	Robert Tibshirani, Guenther Walther, Trevor Hastie	Stuart Lloyd, James MacQueen
Tipo	Cluster quality metric	Statistical criterion	Clustering quality metric
Fonte seminal	Calinski, T., & Harabasz, J. (1974). A dendrite method for cluster analysis. Communications in Statistics, 3(1), 1-27.	Tibshirani, R., Walther, G., & Hastie, T. (2001). Estimating the number of clusters in a data set via the gap statistic. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 63(2), 411-423.	Lloyd, S. P. (1982). Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 28(2), 129-137.
Outros nomes	variance ratio criterion, pseudo F-statistic, CH index	gap index, Tibshirani gap statistic	WCSS, within-cluster sum of squares, cluster cohesion
Relacionados	5	5	5
Resumo	The Calinski-Harabasz Index, also called the Variance Ratio Criterion, was introduced by Calinski and Harabasz in 1974. It is a metric that measures the ratio of between-cluster variance to within-cluster variance, adjusted for the number of clusters and data points. Higher values indicate better-separated, more compact clusters.	The Gap Statistic, developed by Tibshirani, Walther, and Hastie in 2001, is a principled statistical method for determining the optimal number of clusters in a dataset. It compares the observed within-cluster sum of squares to the expected value under a null hypothesis of no clustering structure, providing a theoretically grounded approach to cluster number selection.	Inertia, also called Within-Cluster Sum of Squares (WCSS), is a measure of cluster cohesion that quantifies how tightly points are grouped around their cluster centroids. Lower values indicate more compact, cohesive clusters. Inertia is the primary objective function for k-means clustering and has been a fundamental metric since the method's introduction.