Comparar métodos
Examine os métodos selecionados lado a lado; as linhas que diferem ficam destacadas.
| Biplot: Exibição Simultânea de Linhas e Colunas em Dados Multivariados× | Escalonamento Multidimensional (MDS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Área | Estatística | Estatística |
| Família | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Ano de origem≠ | 1971 | 1952–1964 |
| Autor original≠ | Ruben Gabriel | Warren S. Torgerson (metric MDS, 1952); Joseph B. Kruskal (non-metric MDS, 1964) |
| Tipo≠ | Multivariate graphical display | Dimensionality reduction / visualization |
| Fonte seminal≠ | Gabriel, K. R. (1971). The biplot graphic display of matrices with application to principal component analysis. Biometrika, 58(3), 453–467. DOI ↗ | Kruskal, J. B. (1964). Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a nonmetric hypothesis. Psychometrika, 29(1), 1–27. DOI ↗ |
| Outros nomes | Gabriel biplot, PCA biplot, JK biplot, Çift grafik | MDS, metric MDS, non-metric MDS, proximity scaling |
| Relacionados≠ | 2 | 5 |
| Resumo≠ | A biplot is a low-dimensional graphical representation of a multivariate data matrix that simultaneously displays both the observations (rows) and the variables (columns) as points or vectors in the same plot. Introduced by Ruben Gabriel in 1971, the technique decomposes the data matrix into a rank-2 approximation using singular value decomposition, allowing the approximate value of any data entry to be read as the inner product of the corresponding row and column markers. | Multidimensional scaling maps objects described only by pairwise similarities or dissimilarities into a low-dimensional geometric space so that distances in that space reflect the original proximity structure as faithfully as possible. It is widely used to visualize the hidden structure of psychological, social, and behavioral data. |
| ScholarGateConjunto de dados ↗ |
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