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	Skala Przywództwa Transformacyjnego	Skala zaangażowania organizacyjnego
Dziedzina	Zachowania organizacyjne	Zachowania organizacyjne
Rodzina	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Rok powstania	1985	1991
Twórca	Bernard M. Bass and Bruce J. Avolio	John P. Meyer and Natalie J. Allen
Typ	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
Źródło pierwotne	Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: The Free Press. ISBN: 978-0029015001	Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
Inne nazwy	TLS, MLQ, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire	OCS, Meyer & Allen Scale
Pokrewne	5	5
Podsumowanie	The Transformational Leadership Scale (TLS), operationalized in the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), was developed by Bass and Avolio (1985, 1991) to measure leadership styles across a continuum from transactional to transformational. Transformational leadership comprises four dimensions: idealized influence (role modeling and inspiration), inspirational motivation (articulating compelling vision), intellectual stimulation (encouraging innovation), and individualized consideration (personalized development). The scale has become foundational in organizational psychology and management research for understanding leadership effectiveness and organizational outcomes.	The Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS), developed by Meyer and Allen in 1991, measures three distinct dimensions of organizational commitment: affective commitment (emotional attachment), continuance commitment (perceived cost of leaving), and normative commitment (sense of obligation). This three-component model has become foundational in understanding employee retention, engagement, and organizational attachment.