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| Robust Weighted Least Squares (Robust WLS)× | Regresi Kuasa Dua Terkecil Biasa (OLS)× | OLS Teguh (OLS dengan Ralat Piawai Teguh)× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Ekonometrik | Ekonometrik | Ekonometrik |
| Keluarga | Regression model | Regression model | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1964/1981 | 2019 | 1980 |
| Pengasas≠ | Huber, P. J. | Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares | Halbert White |
| Jenis≠ | Robust weighted regression | Linear regression | Linear regression with robust inference |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Huber, P. J. (1981). Robust Statistics. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471418054 | Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860 | White, H. (1980). A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroskedasticity. Econometrica, 48(4), 817–838. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | robust weighted least squares, RWLS, heteroscedasticity-robust WLS, outlier-robust weighted regression | ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu | HC robust regression, White robust OLS, sandwich estimator OLS, OLS with robust standard errors |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| Ringkasan≠ | Robust WLS combines weighted least squares — which corrects for known or estimated heteroscedasticity — with robust M-estimation that down-weights influential outliers. The result is a regression estimator that is simultaneously efficient under non-constant error variance and resistant to observations that would otherwise distort coefficient estimates. | Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE). | Robust OLS applies ordinary least squares to estimate coefficients and then replaces the classical standard errors with heteroscedasticity-consistent (HC) standard errors — commonly called White standard errors. This leaves the point estimates unchanged while yielding valid t-statistics and confidence intervals even when the error variance is not constant across observations. |
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