Bandingkan kaedah

	Skala Kualiti Perkhidmatan Hotel	Skala Kesetiaan Pelancong
Bidang	Pengurusan Pelancongan	Pengurusan Pelancongan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	2003	2000
Pengasas	Getty, J. M., & Getty, R. L.	Oppermann, M.
Jenis	Self-report questionnaire / Expectancy-disconfirmation scale	Self-report questionnaire
Sumber perintis	Getty, J. M., & Getty, R. L. (2003). Lodging quality index (LQI): Assessing Expectations and Perceptions of Lodging Quality. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(2), 33-46.	Oppermann, M. (2000). Tourism destination loyalty. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 78-84.
Alias	HSQS, Lodging Quality Index, LQI	TLS, Destination Loyalty Scale
Berkaitan	5	5
Ringkasan	The Hotel Service Quality Scale (HSQS), including the Lodging Quality Index (LQI) developed by Getty & Getty (2003), measures guest perceptions of hotel service quality across multiple dimensions (room comfort, staff responsiveness, facilities, value). Using expectancy-disconfirmation theory, it captures not only perceived quality but the gap between expectations and reality, enabling precise diagnosis of service strengths and improvement priorities. Essential for hospitality managers seeking competitive positioning through service excellence and for franchisees maintaining brand standards.	The Tourist Loyalty Scale (TLS) measures the extent to which visitors intend to return to a destination and recommend it to others, reflecting behavioral commitment and preference relative to competing destinations. Developed by Oppermann (2000) and refined across multiple tourism contexts, the TLS captures the ultimate outcome of satisfaction and destination image—willingness to invest time and money in repeat visitation and endorsement. As the true measure of competitive advantage in tourism, loyalty drives revenue stability, positive reputation, and ecosystem resilience.