Bandingkan kaedah

	Kuasa Kritikal (Monod)	EPOC	Pemulihan Kadar Jantung
Bidang	Sains Sukan	Sains Sukan	Sains Sukan
Keluarga	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
Tahun asal	1965	1986	1999
Pengasas	Henry Monod	Brehm & Gutin	Cleveland Clinic Group
Jenis	power-duration model	post-exercise metabolic measurement	exercise recovery test
Sumber perintis	Monod, H., & Scherrer, J. (1965). The work capacity of a synergic muscular group. Ergonomics, 8(3), 329-338.	Brehm, B. A., & Gutin, B. (1986). Recovery energy expenditure for steady state exercise in runners and non-runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 18(4), 441-446.	Cole, C. R., Blackstone, E. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E., & Lauer, M. S. (1999). Heart-rate recovery immediately after exercise as a predictor of mortality. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(18), 1351-1357.
Alias	CP model, power-duration relationship, anaerobic capacity, critical torque	afterburn effect, recovery oxygen uptake, post-exercise metabolic elevation, APMR	HRR, heart rate variability recovery, parasympathetic tone, autonomic recovery
Berkaitan	5	5	5
Ringkasan	Critical power (CP) is the highest power output that can be sustained indefinitely without fatigue, representing the boundary between sustainable and unsustainable exercise. Introduced by Henry Monod and Scherrer in 1965, the critical power model describes the hyperbolic relationship between power output and time-to-exhaustion. The model partitions work capacity into two components: critical power (the aerobic ceiling) and anaerobic work capacity (the maximal work that can be performed above critical power before depletion). This framework is widely used in exercise physiology, sports science, and occupational biomechanics.	Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), commonly called the 'afterburn effect', is the elevated rate of oxygen uptake and metabolic activity that persists after exercise ends. First systematically studied by Brehm and Gutin (1986), EPOC reflects the energy cost of restoring homeostasis after physical exertion. During recovery, the body must replenish phosphate stores, clear lactate, restore oxygen debt to muscles, increase body temperature, and return cardiovascular and respiratory function to baseline. This lingering metabolic elevation results in continued calorie burning long after exercise stops, a phenomenon of significant interest in sports science and fitness.	Heart rate recovery (HRR) is the decline in heart rate during the first minutes following maximal or submaximal exercise, reflecting the reactivation of parasympathetic (vagal) tone. Introduced as a clinical predictor by Cole and colleagues (1999), HRR serves as a non-invasive biomarker of cardiac autonomic function and overall cardiovascular health. A rapid decline in heart rate after exertion indicates efficient parasympathetic reactivation and healthy autonomic nervous system balance. Conversely, blunted HRR (slow heart rate recovery) is associated with increased mortality risk, autonomic dysfunction, and poor exercise tolerance.