Bandingkan kaedah

	Pengujian Adaptif Berkomputer Diagnostik Kognitif	Model DINA	Model DINO	Analisis Perbandingan Kualitatif Set Kabur
Bidang	Psikometrik	Psikometrik	Psikometrik	Psikometrik
Keluarga	Latent structure	Latent structure	Latent structure	Latent structure
Tahun asal	2007	2001	2006	2000
Pengasas	Xueli Xu, Jean-Paul Fox	Brian Junker, Klaas Sijtsma	James Templin, Russell Henson	Charles Ragin
Jenis	Skill-adaptive testing with psychometric diagnostic classification	Discrete latent class model	Disjunctive latent class model	Set-theoretic configurational method
Sumber perintis	Choi, K. M., Lee, Y. S., & Park, Y. S. (2015). What CDM can tell about examinees' strengths and weaknesses: Cognitive diagnostic information in TIMSS. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Policy Analysis, 24(1), 79-100.	Junker, B. W., & Sijtsma, K. (2001). Cognitive assessment models with few assumptions, and connections with nonparametric item response theory. Applied Psychological Measurement, 25(3), 258-272.	Templin, J., & Henson, R. A. (2006). Measurement of psychological disorders using cognitive diagnosis models. Psychological Methods, 11(3), 287-305.	Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning Social Inquiry: Fuzzy Sets and Beyond. University of Chicago Press.
Alias	CD-CAT	DINA	DINO	fsQCA, FSQCA
Berkaitan	5	4	4	4
Ringkasan	Cognitive Diagnostic Computerized Adaptive Testing (CD-CAT) combines computerized adaptive testing (CAT) with cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) to efficiently assess students' specific skill profiles. Rather than producing a single overall ability score, CD-CAT adaptively selects items to quickly identify which skills a student has mastered and which need development.	The DINA Model (Deterministic Inputs, Noisy Outputs) is a cognitive diagnostic model developed by Junker and Sijtsma (2001) that classifies examinees into latent skill classes based on their item response patterns. DINA assumes a deterministic relationship between skill mastery and correct responses, with probabilistic error accounting for guessing and slips.	The DINO Model (Deterministic Inputs, Noisy Outputs—Disjunctive) is a cognitive diagnostic model that relaxes DINA's conjunctive (AND) skill requirement logic. DINO assumes an examinee only needs to master one of multiple possible skill pathways to answer an item correctly, making it suitable for scenarios where skills are substitutable or alternative routes to success exist.	Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) is a set-theoretic method developed by Charles Ragin in the early 2000s that combines the configurational logic of qualitative case studies with the mathematical rigor of fuzzy sets. It bridges qualitative and quantitative research by allowing researchers to examine causal complexity through combinations of conditions (configurations) rather than isolated variables.