방법 비교

	Working Alliance Inventory	협력 연구 심리치료 평가 척도
분야	심리치료 연구	심리치료 연구
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1989	1988
창시자	Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg	Irene Elkin, Barbara F. Shaw
유형	Therapist/Client-rated	Observer-rated
원전	Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233.	Waltz, J., Addis, M. E., Koerner, K., & Jacobson, N. S. (1993). Testing the integrity of a psychotherapy protocol: Assessment of adherence and competence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(4), 620–630.
별칭	WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR	CSPRS, Psychotherapy Rating Scale
관련	4	4
요약	The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations.	The Collaborative Study Psychotherapy Rating Scale (CSPRS) is an observer-rated measure of therapist adherence to a psychotherapy protocol and general competence in delivering the intervention. Developed for the NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program, the CSPRS uses audiotape or videotape review to assess whether therapists follow intended treatment protocols and execute techniques skillfully. It is the gold standard instrument for fidelity and competence measurement in psychotherapy research and training.