방법 비교

	What Works Clearinghouse Standards	Effect Size in Education Research
분야	Education	Education
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2022	1988
창시자	Institute of Education Sciences (IES), U.S. Department of Education	Statistical methodology (Cohen; Glass; Hedges & Olkin) applied in education
유형	Standards and procedures for assessing the causal credibility of education studies	Standardized index of the magnitude of an effect or difference
원전	What Works Clearinghouse. (2022). What Works Clearinghouse Procedures and Standards Handbook, Version 5.0. Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 9780805802832
별칭	WWC Standards, WWC Evidence Standards, What Works Clearinghouse Review, WWC Study Rating	Educational Effect Size, Standardized Mean Difference in Education, Hedges' g in Education, Effect Size Reporting
관련	3	2
요약	The What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards are the protocol the U.S. Institute of Education Sciences uses to judge how much confidence an education study's findings deserve as causal evidence. They specify which designs can support causal claims, how to screen for threats such as attrition and confounding, and how to rate each study — Meets Standards Without Reservations, With Reservations, or Does Not Meet Standards — before synthesizing the body of evidence. The standards are a cornerstone of evidence-based education policy in the United States.	An effect size is a standardized, scale-free measure of the magnitude of a difference or relationship — how big an effect is, not just whether it is statistically significant. In education research it is the common currency for reporting intervention impacts and for combining studies in meta-analysis, with the standardized mean difference (Cohen's d, or its bias-corrected form Hedges' g) the most familiar. Effect sizes let researchers compare effects across studies, outcomes, and scales, and translate statistical results into terms practitioners can weigh.