방법 비교

	VMI (Vendor-Managed Inventory)	총괄 생산 계획	칸반(Kanban)
분야	운영관리	운영관리	운영관리
계열	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
기원 연도	2006	1992	1950
창시자	Disney, S. M., & Towill, D. R.	Wallace, T. F.	Taiichi Ohno
유형	Business and inventory model	Demand-supply planning framework	Production control system
원전	Disney, S. M., & Towill, D. R. (2006). Vendor-managed inventory: A taxonomy of approaches and implications. International Journal of Production Economics, 106(2), 440-456.	Wallace, T. F. (1992). Sales & Operations Planning: The how-to handbook. Cincinnati: APICS Publications.	Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota production system: Beyond large-scale production. Cambridge, MA: Productivity Press.
별칭	VMI, supplier-managed inventory	sales and operations planning, production planning	visual management, pull system
관련	5	5	5
요약	Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) is a supply chain arrangement in which the supplier (vendor) has visibility into the customer's inventory levels and assumes responsibility for replenishing inventory to pre-agreed levels. Rather than customers placing orders based on internal forecasts, the supplier monitors actual consumption and triggers replenishment shipments automatically. VMI reduces administrative burden, minimizes stock-outs, improves cash flow (by reducing inventory in the supply chain), and fosters collaboration between supplier and customer.	Aggregate Planning (or Sales & Operations Planning, S&OP) is a collaborative, iterative process that balances demand and supply at a high level—typically grouping products into families and planning over a 3–18 month horizon. Developed formally by Tom Wallace and popularized through APICS, aggregate planning helps organizations align sales forecasts, production capacity, inventory, and workforce to meet demand efficiently while managing costs. It serves as the bridge between strategic business plans and detailed operational execution.	Kanban is a pull-based production control system developed by Taiichi Ohno at Toyota in the 1950s that uses visual signals (traditionally cards or bins) to trigger production and movement of materials based on actual demand rather than forecasts. The Japanese word 'kanban' means 'visual card' or 'sign,' and the system operates on the principle that work should flow in response to downstream requirements. Kanban is a foundational element of the Toyota Production System and lean manufacturing, enabling just-in-time production, reduced inventory, and improved flow efficiency.