방법 비교

	비구조화 면담	포커스 그룹 연구
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	Mid-20th century (Rogers ~1942; Spradley ~1979)	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s
창시자	Rooted in anthropological and sociological fieldwork traditions; systematised by James P. Spradley and Carl Rogers (non-directive counselling interview)	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger
유형	Qualitative research method	Qualitative data collection method
원전	Spradley, J. P. (1979). The Ethnographic Interview. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244
별칭	open-ended interview, non-directive interview, in-depth interview, conversational interview	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması
관련	6	6
요약	An unstructured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher enters the conversation with a broad topic or grand-tour question rather than a fixed questionnaire, allowing the participant to direct the flow and depth of the discussion. The approach prioritises the participant's own conceptual categories and narrative logic over the researcher's pre-formed agenda, making it especially powerful for exploratory inquiry into unfamiliar or complex social phenomena.	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.