방법 비교

	형태론적 분석	텍스트 비평
분야	현장 조사법	현장 조사법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	Late 19th century (Montelius ~1885); extended broadly through 20th century	Antiquity; modern systematic method c. 1850s (Lachmann)
창시자	Oscar Montelius (seriation/typology in archaeology); formalized across disciplines through 19th–20th c. comparative humanities	Classical philologists (Karl Lachmann foremost in systematic method)
유형	Classificatory / interpretive method	Humanistic / philological research method
원전	McKern, W. C. (1939). The Midwestern Taxonomic Method as an aid to archaeological culture study. American Antiquity, 4(4), 301–313.	West, M. L. (1973). Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique Applicable to Greek and Latin Texts. Teubner. ISBN: 978-3519074014
별칭	typology construction, artifact typology, type analysis, classificatory typology	lower criticism, editorial criticism, philological criticism, manuscript criticism
관련	6	5
요약	Typological analysis is a systematic method for grouping objects, texts, legal categories, or social phenomena into defined types based on shared attributes. Originating in archaeology and linguistics, it is now widely applied across the humanities and social sciences to impose analytical order on diverse corpora, trace historical change, and enable meaningful comparison across cases or cultures.	Textual criticism is a systematic philological method for identifying, comparing, and evaluating variant readings across multiple manuscript or print witnesses of a text in order to reconstruct the most accurate version of the original — or the author's intended — text. Applied since antiquity to classical, biblical, and literary works, it remains the foundational editorial method in classical studies, biblical scholarship, medieval studies, and critical editing of literary works.