방법 비교

	변혁적 혼합 방법 설계	탐색적 순차 혼합 방법 설계
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2003–2009	1990s–2000s (codified by ~2007)
창시자	Donna M. Mertens; John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
별칭	transformative design, advocacy mixed methods, emancipatory mixed methods, social-justice mixed methods	QUAL → QUAN design, exploratory sequential design, instrument-development design, theory-building mixed methods
관련	6	6
요약	Transformative mixed methods design embeds a social-justice or advocacy theoretical framework — such as feminism, critical race theory, disability studies, or indigenous worldviews — as the overarching lens that guides every decision about data collection, integration, and use. Both quantitative and qualitative strands serve the goal of advancing equity, challenging power structures, and producing actionable knowledge for marginalized communities.	The exploratory sequential mixed methods design is a two-phase research framework in which a qualitative phase is conducted first to explore a poorly understood phenomenon, and the findings then inform a subsequent quantitative phase — typically to develop and test a survey instrument, measure a theory, or generalize qualitative insights to a larger population. The qualitative strand guides what is measured; the quantitative strand tests or extends those findings at scale.