방법 비교

	NMF 토픽 모델링	감성 분석	TF-IDF
분야	텍스트 마이닝	텍스트 마이닝	텍스트 마이닝
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1999	—	1988
창시자	Lee & Seung	—	Salton & Buckley
유형	Matrix-factorization topic model	NLP text-classification task	Text vectorization / term-weighting scheme
원전	Lee, D.D. & Seung, H.S. (1999). Learning the Parts of Objects by Non-negative Matrix Factorization. Nature, 401, 788-791.	Pang, B. & Lee, L. (2008). Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis. Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval, 2(1-2), 1-135.	Salton, G. & Buckley, C. (1988). Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Information Processing & Management, 24(5), 513-523.
별칭	non-negative matrix factorization topic modeling, NMF topics, Konu Modelleme — NMF	opinion mining, polarity detection, duygu analizi	term weighting, tf-idf weighting, TF-IDF Vektörizasyonu
관련	4	3	3
요약	NMF topic modeling uses Non-negative Matrix Factorization — the parts-based decomposition introduced by Lee and Seung (1999) — to extract document-topic distributions from a corpus. By factoring a document-term matrix into two non-negative matrices, it recovers a small set of topics and tends to produce more interpretable topics than LDA.	Sentiment analysis, also called opinion mining, is a natural-language-processing task that detects the emotional tone of text — typically classifying it as positive, negative, or neutral. It turns unstructured opinion text into structured, quantifiable polarity signals using one of three families of approaches: sentiment lexicons, trained machine-learning classifiers, or pretrained transformer models.	TF-IDF, introduced by Salton and Buckley (1988), is a term-weighting scheme that scores each word in a document by how often it appears there and how rare it is across the whole collection. It turns raw text into weighted document vectors, giving high weight to terms that are frequent in one document but uncommon elsewhere.