방법 비교

	치료 과정 관찰 코딩 시스템	치료의 유용한 측면 양식
분야	심리치료 연구	심리치료 연구
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1992	1988
창시자	William B. Stiles, Clara E. Hill	Sara P. Llewellyn; Robert Elliott
유형	Observer-rated	Client-rated
원전	Stiles, W. B. (1992). Describing talk: A taxonomy of verbal response modes. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.	Llewellyn, S. P., Foo, S., & Stam, H. J. (1988). Assessing psychotherapy outcome: Clients' perspectives. Canadian Journal of Counselling, 22(2), 191–206.
별칭	TPOCS, Observational Coding System	HAT, Helpful Aspects Questionnaire
관련	4	4
요약	The Therapy Process Observational Coding System (TPOCS) is a comprehensive observer-rated method for classifying and quantifying therapist and client utterances in psychotherapy sessions. Using Stiles's taxonomy of verbal response modes (e.g., Advisement, Reflection, Interpretation, Disclosure), the TPOCS enables detailed analysis of what therapists and clients are doing moment-by-moment: who is talking, what mode (technique), and how frequently. It is used in process research to understand mechanisms of change, train therapists, and examine whether therapy modalities differ in their in-session behavior.	The Helpful Aspects of Therapy (HAT) form is a semi-structured client feedback instrument designed to capture the client's perception of what was most beneficial or helpful in a therapy session or course of treatment. Developed by Llewellyn and refined by Elliott, the HAT combines open-ended narrative response with structured rating scales, enabling rich qualitative insight alongside quantitative comparison. It is used in qualitative outcome research and clinical feedback systems to understand mechanisms of change from the client's perspective.