방법 비교

	Tempo-Adjusted Fertility	Bongaarts Proximate Determinants
분야	인구학	인구학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1998	1978
창시자	John Bongaarts & Griffith Feeney	John Bongaarts
유형	Tempo-and-quantum adjustment of the period total fertility rate	Multiplicative decomposition of fertility into behavioural and biological factors
원전	Bongaarts, J., & Feeney, G. (1998). On the quantum and tempo of fertility. Population and Development Review, 24(2), 271–291.	Bongaarts, J. (1978). A framework for analyzing the proximate determinants of fertility. Population and Development Review, 4(1), 105–132.
별칭	Bongaarts-Feeney adjustment, Tempo-adjusted TFR, Quantum-tempo decomposition of fertility, Tempo Düzeltmeli Doğurganlık	Proximate determinants framework, Bongaarts fertility-inhibiting indices, Cm Cc Ca Ci model, Yakın Belirleyiciler Çerçevesi
관련	4	4
요약	Tempo-adjusted fertility is the Bongaarts-Feeney correction of the period total fertility rate that removes the distortion introduced when the timing of childbearing changes. When women collectively postpone (or advance) births, the conventional period total fertility rate is artificially depressed (or inflated) even if the number of children women ultimately have is unchanged; the adjustment inflates each birth-order-specific rate by a factor based on the changing mean age at childbearing to recover an undistorted measure of fertility quantum.	The Bongaarts framework of the proximate determinants of fertility decomposes a population's fertility into a biological maximum reduced by a small set of directly fertility-inhibiting factors: the proportion of women in sexual unions, contraceptive use, induced abortion, and postpartum infecundability. By expressing observed fertility as total fecundity multiplied by four indices between zero and one, it quantifies how much each behavioural and biological channel suppresses fertility below its potential ceiling.