방법 비교

	Standardized Mortality Ratio	Indirect Standardization
분야	인구학	인구학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1987	2001
창시자	Classical vital-statistics method (formalized by Breslow & Day)	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
유형	Ratio of observed to expected deaths under a standard rate schedule	Rate adjustment using a standard schedule of group-specific rates
원전	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
별칭	SMR, Standardised Mortality Ratio, Indirectly Standardized Mortality Ratio	Indirect method of standardization, Standardized mortality ratio, SMR method, Dolaylı Standardizasyon
관련	4	4
요약	The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) compares the number of deaths actually observed in a study population with the number that would be expected if that population had experienced a standard set of age-specific death rates. It is the central output of indirect standardization: a single ratio, usually multiplied by 100, that says whether a group's mortality is higher or lower than a reference after accounting for its age structure. Because it needs only the study group's age distribution and total deaths — not stable age-specific rates within the group — the SMR is the method of choice when the group is small or its age-specific deaths are sparse.	Indirect standardization is a demographic technique for comparing summary rates when a study population's own group-specific rates are too sparse to be reliable. Instead of reweighting the study population's rates, it applies a trusted standard schedule of group-specific rates to the study population's own structure to compute the number of events that would be expected. The ratio of observed to expected events — the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) — measures how the study population's risk compares with the standard, adjusted for its composition.