방법 비교

	단일 사례 연구	액션 리서치	근거 이론
분야	질적 방법	질적 연구	질적 연구
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1984 (Yin's seminal protocol); 1995 (Stake's art-of-case-study framework)	1946	1967
창시자	Robert K. Yin; Robert E. Stake	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
유형	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
원전	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
별칭	single-site case study, holistic single-case design, intrinsic case study, bounded case inquiry	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
관련	6	1	3
요약	A single-case study is a qualitative research design that investigates one bounded instance — an organization, program, event, individual, or community — in its real-world context through multiple converging sources of evidence. Developed into a rigorous social-science method chiefly by Robert Yin and Robert Stake, it is especially powerful when the case is unique, extreme, critical, or revelatory, and when the research question begins with 'how' or 'why' rather than 'how many.'	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.