방법 비교

	순차적 변혁적 혼합 연구 설계	참여형 혼합 방법 메타 추론
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2003–2007 (Mertens 2003; Creswell & Plano Clark 2007)	1998–2010
창시자	Donna M. Mertens (transformative framework); John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (mixed methods typology)	Abbas Tashakkori & Charles Teddlie (meta-inference concept); extended to participatory contexts by Sweetman, Badiee & Creswell
유형	Mixed methods research design	Integrative inference procedure within participatory mixed methods
원전	Mertens, D. M. (2009). Transformative Research and Evaluation. Guilford Press. ISBN: 978-1593856670	Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (Eds.). (2010). SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1412972666
별칭	sequential transformative design, transformative sequential MMR, Seq-TRAN mixed methods, sequential transformative research	PMMMI, participatory meta-inference, community-based mixed methods inference, integrated meta-inference in participatory research
관련	5	1
요약	Sequential transformative mixed methods design combines the temporal structure of sequential mixed methods — collecting qualitative and quantitative data in two distinct, ordered phases — with a transformative theoretical framework that centres social justice, equity, and the perspectives of marginalized communities. Either the qualitative or the quantitative phase may come first; the sequence is determined by what the transformative research question demands. The design is guided by the work of Donna Mertens and is systematized in the Creswell and Plano Clark mixed methods typology.	Participatory mixed methods meta-inference is the process by which researchers and community co-investigators draw a unified, integrated conclusion — the meta-inference — from separately analysed qualitative and quantitative strands within a participatory mixed methods study. Grounded in the meta-inference framework of Tashakkori and Teddlie and extended into participatory and transformative research contexts, it treats the final synthesis of evidence not merely as a methodological step but as a collaborative, community-accountable act of knowledge production.